Syringe



SYRINGE Fil-ed Oct. 18, 1940 Patented Dec. 4, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SYRINGE Marvin L. Folkman, Shaker Heights, Ohio Application October 18, 1940, Serial No. 361,781

19 Claims.

This invention appertains to the art of syringes, and primarily to those syringes of the type ofthe hypodermic. However, the invention is not confined necessarily to the special type above proposed, because any syringe employing a needle or suitable applicator member by which the medicament would be dispensed or supplied by the syringe, may incorporate the novel features of the invention.

rHeretofore, dealing with hypodermic syringes particularly, 'the syringe was generally comprised of the penetrating needle or applicator member employed in conjunction with a receptacle or cylinder to contain the medicament, and a pump of piston type for injecting the medicament from the cylinder of the syringe. Such syringes require the use of the syringe as a means for withdrawing the medicament from a vial or suitable receptacle from which it is supplied for use, usually by penetrating the closure or cap of the vial by the needle and withdrawing the piston `from the cylinder to create suction for vpulling the medicament or iiuid from the 'syringe receptacle or cylinder.

A diicul-ty with the ordinary hypodermic syringel piston type instruments arises in the matter of manipulation of the syringe, because it usually has to be grasped in one hand and the handle or linger piece of the piston vor plunger manipulated while so grasped, the other hand usually -pinching the flesh into which the needle is to be inserted The manipulation o'f such types of syringes now in use, required to be accomplished by the use of o ne hand, is a clumsy and dinicult operation. This of course deals with the use of the syringe handled by one person, accurate needle penetration -being hampered.

A primary object of the invention has been to do away with the old types of syringe of the general type above mentioned and providing a syringe which is more readily handled in respect to the dispensing of the medicament and the manipulation of the instrument for the penetration of the portion of the body in which the applicator member or needle is to be inserted.

Another principal feature of the invention resides in the elimination of a mechanical pump or ejecting means for the fluid of the syringe, as almost universally used today, and vsubstituting gaseous means generated in the receptacle which will contain the medicament lprior to its ejection.

A further object 4of the invention has been to provide a syringe in combination with -a cartridge or rell vial which is in itself a sub-combination feature of my invention because it is a unit containing the medicament to be dispensed, a hydrating fluid for the medicament, a chamber containing effervescent tablets for creating gas, and an additional chamber containing the effervescent chemical, the various parts such as closures or operating partitions being subject .to actuation by portions of the instrument designed for this particular purpose.

A further object of the invention has been to design a syringe in which gas is used as the ejecting means for the medicament fluid which is ejected thereby.

Another object of the invention has been .to design a cartridge or refill vial containing in separate compartments a dry medicament, a hydrating fluid therefor, an eiervescent chemical, and means for releasing the gaseous content of the latter, which refill cartridge or vial is designed to be rendered automatically operative for the hydration of the `dry medicament and the utilization of the gaseous content of the effervescent chemical by association with an actuating instrumentality for initiating these functions.

A still further object of the invention is to design a refill cartridge or vial of the type just mentioned, adapted for cooperation with an .applicator member whereby said reiill cartridge .or vial, immediately upon association with said applicator member, will be rendered automatically operable to hydrate the dry .medicament .con-- tained therein and to initiate the eiervescent action of the chemical likewise contained therein.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel control valve for the applicator member.

.A further object of the invention is to provide means for releasing the gas in the gas chamber after use of the syringe for its intended purpose.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel applicator member having provision for the ready association and disassociation of rell cartridges or vials tobe usedin connection therewith.

Another object of `the invention is to provide a novel applicator member comprising instrumentalities for automatically initiating the flow of medicament from a vial thereto, upon association of the vial therewith.

A sti` iurther object of the invention is to provide v"a, applicator means of the type mentioned, including novel valve means for the control of flo f medicament therethrough.

Further obects, advantages, and rfeatures of novelty will appear more fully as the description of the invention progresses, in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the applicator member of my invention.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cartridge or rell vial of my invention.

Figure 3 is a View taken at right angles to the view of Figure 1 of a portion of the applicator member, showing how the ram element may be swivelled to permit insertion of'the refill cartridge.

Figure 4 is a View similar to Figure l, but partially in section and showing the applicator member and refill cartridge in assembled relation.

Figure 5 is a broken sectional view through the applicator member when the refill cartridge is in assembled relation therewith, showing more particularly details of the novel valve means andgas release instrumentalities.

Figure 6 is a sectional View taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Now referring to the drawing for a detail description of the invention, the letter A generally designates an applicator Imember comprising a hollow cylindrical or barrel portion I provided with opposed sight opening slots 2, detachable nose portion 3, and a swivelled ram element 4. The hollow cylindrical or barrel portion I is open at one end as indicated at 5 for receiving therethrough and within its hollow interior a refill cartridge such as indicated generally by the letter B and later to be described. The nose portion 3 is provided with a hollow needle E extending centrally therethrough and protruding therefrom as at 6a, the portion 6a being adapted to be injected into the body of a person applying medicament thereto, and the nose portion 3 being provided with a threaded shoulder 3a for cooperation with the interiorly threaded end Ia of the barrel portion attaching the nose Iportion thereto.

Interiorly of the barrel portion I and just above the threaded end Ia is positioned a sleeve 1 within the central bore 8 of which is positioned a length of'resilient tubing 9 of suitable material such as rubber or the like, said tubing having a central passage 9a therethroughv of comparatively small diameter communicating with the inner end of the hollow needle 6. The sleeve 1 is provided with a transverse passage 'Ia in which a reciprocable member t operates. The member I0 is engaged by a lever I I fulcrumed at 42 to the barrel or casing I. The lever II is maintained normally in engagement with the member I pressing the latter inwardly against the tube 9 by means of a spring I3 arranged between the handle or finger engaging lportion I4 of the lever II and barrel I. An abutment member or part I positioned within the casing or barrel I adjacent the sleeve 1 is provided with a central passage I6 therethrough communicating with the passage 9a of the resilient tube 9. The instrumentalities just described, including the sleeve 1, tube 8, member I, and lever I I, comprise valve or control instrumentalities for controlling the flow of fluid through the passage 9a of the tube 9 and the passages communicating therewith provided by the hollow needles 6 and I1.

A hollow needle I1 is provided extending into this passage I6 and has a pointed portion Ila extending upwardly out of said passage.

The ram element 4 comprisesa head portion I8 from which extend arms I9 and 26, which latter are providedwith inwardly extending prongs 2I and 22 engaging respectively in opposed longitudinal slots 23 and 24 provided in the barrel or casing I; also extending from the head I8 between the arms I9 and 20 is a hollow cylindrical portion 25. Adjacent Ato its inner end, the portion 25 is provided with a sleeve 26 having a central passage 26a. Reciprocable within the cylindrical portion 25 is a plunger 21 having a passage 21a therethrough. `Positioned between the sleeve 26 and the plunger 21 is a coil spring 28 for urging the plunger 21 upwardly. The upward movement of the plunger 21 is limited by the engagement of the end of the screw 29 with an abutting shoulder 2lb provided on the plunger. Fixed in the passage 21a is one end of a hollow needle 30, the lower pointed end 36a of which extends to near the lower end of the passage 26a of the sleeve 26 when the plunger 21 is in its normal position shown in Figure 5.

The cartridge or relill vial B provides an emplaceable and removable chamber for the syringe barrel or body, and consists of a hollow glass tube 3|, at one end of which is provided a stopper 32 which is preferably of rubber but may be of any suitable material. At the opposite end of the tube is pro-vided a similar member 33 which serves likewise as a closure or stopper, but, because it is designed to be moved within the tube by engaging instrumentalities, is here termed a plunger member. Fixed =to this plunger member 33 is a cylindiical member 34 provided with a projecting pin 35 which may be inserted into the material of the plunger 33 to x the cylinder 34 thereto. The cylinder 34 is adapted to contain a dry medicament such as procaine and epinephrine.

Positioned within the tube 3l and adjacent |the open end of the cylinder 34 is a diaphragm 36 which ts fairly snugly within the tube 3|. This diaphragm 36 will be of rubber or suitable material similar to the plunger 33 and stopper 32. Fitted within the tube 3I in like manner there is provided a member 31 similar to the member 33, and, because of its corresponding function, likewise termed a plunger member. The space between the plunger members 33 and 31 provides a chamber divided into two compartments initially by the emplacement of the diaphragm 36. In the lower compartment, as before stated, is positioned the medicament containing cylinder 34, and in the compartment provided between the diaphragm 36 and the plunger member 31 is conta-ined a suitable hydrating liquid such as distilled water, indicated at 38. Likewise, the space between the plunger 31 and the stopper 32 comprises a chamber divided into two compartments by the diaphragm 39, which is similar in composition and function to the diaphragm 36. The lower or inner compartment, namely that between the plunger 31 and the diaphragm 39, of the last mentioned chamber, is adapted initially to contain an eervescent chemical in dry state, which may conveniently be in tablet form, such as the tablet 40, of sodium-bicarbonate or a similar salt, and the tablet 4I of some acid such as citric or tartaric. In the upper compartment, namely that between the diaphragm 39 and the stopper 32, of the last mentioned chamber will be contained a quantity of water 43.

A pin or projection 42 having a portion embedded in the plunger 31 and provided with an enlarged head 42a normally and initially engages the diaphragm 39. It will be noted that the medicament containing cylinder 34 and the pin 42 are xed t0 their respective plunger members 33 and 31 in a manner such aS to engage respectively the diaphragms 36 and 39 at points closer to the peripheries than to the centers of the 121tter, for a purpose which will hereafter be apparent,

The plunger 33 and the stopper 32 are drilled axially at their centers as indicated at 33a and 32a, respectively, at points corresponding to the positions of the needles I1 and 3B, so that these needles may readily enter the drill portions of said members 33 and 32 to puncture the same and permit fluid to pass therethrough and into said needles.

The cylindrical portion 25 carrying the end 25a is designed to move longitudinally of the applicator A the length of the slots 23 and 24 so that when the ram 4 is in the position shown in Figure 1, the same may be moved downwardly or inwardly to position the cylindrical portion 25 within the barrel or casing I and the same may be locked in such a position when the pins 2| and 22 are at the lower ends of the slots 23 and 24 by rotating the ram 4 so that the pins 2| and 22 will engage at the oppositely disposed locking ends of said slots, as indicated at 24a. When the ram 4 has been drawn to the position shown in Figure l, with the cylindrical portion 25 entirely removed from the interior of the barrel or casing I, the ram element may swivel about pivot points provided by the pins 2i and 22 to the dotted line position shown in Figure 3, permitting insertion of a refill vial or cartridge such as that designated B within the barrel or casingV I of the applicator member through the end of said casing designated 5. The reiill vial or cartridge B is adapted to be inserted in the casing or barrel I of the applicator member as above mentioned with the lower end of the cartridge, referring to Figure 2, entering `the open end 5 of the barrel or casing I first. When the cartridge B is inserted in the barrel or casing I of the applicator member as above mentioned, the ram 4 will be swivelled to the position shown in Figure 1, whereafter the same will be moved downwardly so lthat the lower end 25a of the cylindrical portion 25 engages the upper end of the cartridge. B and the latter will be forced downwardly within the casing l. During this operation, as the cartridge is forced downwardly in the casing I, the pointed end I1a of the needle I1 will be caused to enter the drilled portion 33a of the plunger 33 and subsequently pass axially entirely through said plunger to puncture the same. Thereafter, thev further movement of the cartridge B downwardly in the casing I causes engagement of the abutment member I5 with theplunger 33 to move the latter upwardly within the cartridge B. This movement of the plunger 33 causes the open end of the cylinder 34 to engage the diaphragm 36 causing upward pressure to be exerted on the plunger 3.1 through the medium of 'the water 38 between said 'diaphragm and said plunger 31. The pressure exerted on the plunger 31 causes engagement of the head 42a of the pin or projection 42 with the diaphragm 39. It will be seen, therefore, that the movement of the plunger 33v upwardly in the Itube 3| causes practically simultaneous engagement of the cylinder 34 with the diaphragm 33 and of the pin or projection 42 with the diaphragm 33. Since the diaphragms 36 and 39l are engaged oi center respectively by cylinder 34 and pin 42, the said diaphragms 35 and 39 are caused to pivot within the tube 3| to the positions shown in Figure 4.

The pivoting of the diaphragm 36 permits the water 3B previously contained between said diaphragm and the plunger 31 to flow into contact with the dry or liquid medicament in the cylinder 34, to dissolve said medicament. Likewise, the

pivoting of the diaphragm 39 within the tube 3| permits the water 43 previously contained `loetween the diaphragm 39 and stopper 32 to flow into contact with the eiervescent salt tablets 4B and 4|, dissolving the latter and creating gas pressure within the tube 3| between the plunger 31 and stopper 32.

At the time of the occurrence of the foregoing changes within the cartridge B, `the latter will have reached the limit of its movement downwardly within the casing I to the position indicated bv Figure 4. At such time also the ram 4 will have reached the end of its downward movement with the pins 2| and 22 at the lower ends of the slots 23 and 24. Now the ram 4 will be rotated so that the pins 2| and 22 engage in the locking positions of the slots 23 and 24 like the locking slot portion 24a shown in Figure 2. Thus thecartridge B will be positively locked within the casing I of the applicator A, the position of the various elements being as shown in Figures 4 and 5.

The hypodermic syringe is now ready to be applied to its intended use for the injection of the hydrated medicament` now contained within the tube 3i between the plungers 33 and 31. Under the conditions mentioned, the said hydrated medicament is cut off from the needle opening of the needle 6 at the point where the flexible tubing 9 is squeezed closed by the action of the spring I3 on the lever II and reciprocable member I0. It is of course apparent to one skilled in the art that air embolism may be prevented by opening the valve means initially and momentarily whereby a very slight amount of medicament will escape and make certain no air remains to be administered to the patient.

Under the foregoing conditions, the pressure generated by the hydrated effervescent between the stopper 32 and the plunger 31. exerts a pressure upon the plunger 31 and through said plunger upon a hydrated medicament between the plunger.

31 and plunger 33. Thus a pressure upon the hydrated medicament is built up behind or above the valve means aforesaid and said valve means may now be operated to eject said medicament fluid under pressure under conditions of very .accurate control by the operator with little or no effort on his part other than slight nger pressure upon the handle I4 of the lever II. The operator may press said handle I4 to move the lever I I about its fulcrum I2 `against the action of the spring I3 to release to the extent desired the inward pressure of the reciprocable member I upon the flexible tube 9. To the extent that the inward pressure of the member I0 upc-n the tube 9 is released, the gas pressure within the tube 3| exerted upon the medicament fluid will cause flow of said duid through the needle I1, resto-ring the flexible tubing 9 to its normal cylindrical shape and establishing com. munication through the passage 9a between needle I1 and needle 6. It will readily be apparent therefore that very accurate control of medicament iluid under pressure is obtained so that the operato-r is able to eiect any desired variation from a slow drop by drop flow of the medicament iiuid to a forceful stream thereof outwardly through the needle 6.

Suitable graduated indicia may be provided upon the tube 3l of the cartridge B', which indicia will be visible through the sight opening slots 2V of the barrel or casing I. As the medicated4 fluid is withdrawn fromV the tube 3| through the needle 6 therefor, the gas pressure produced by the hydrated eifervescent chemicals behind the plunger 31 will cause the latter to move downwardly in` the tube 3| and the movement of the plunger 31 will serve as an indicator in connection with the indicia upon the glass or transparent tube 3| to indicate to the operator accurately the amount of fluid medicament which still remains within the tube 3| as the same is being withdrawn therefrom.

lAfter the uid medicament has been completely expelled from the tube 3|, a certain amount of gas pressure will still remain in said tube and it is desirable, before removing the cartridge B from the applicator A for replacement purposes, to release this gas pressure from the tube 3|. For this purpose the plunger 21 will be operated to move the same inwardly or downwardly, referring to Figure 5, against the action of the spring 28 causing the end 30a of the needle 30 to protrude from the sleeve 26 and enter the drilled passage 32a of the stopper 32 and pass through said Stopper to puncture the same and establish communication interiorly of the tube 3| so that the gas may pass outwardly thereof through the hollow needle 30 and the passage 21a of the plunger 21, which is in y communication with the atmosphere.

When the gas has been withdrawn as just described the cartridge B may be readily removed from the applicator A. It may be pointed out Ithat when inward pressure on the plunger 21 is released, the spring 28 withdraws the end 30a of the needle 3D to a point within the sleeve 26.

To remove the cartridge B from the applicator A, the ram 4 will be rotated to release the pins 2| and 22 from the locking portions of their respective slots 23 and 24 and the plunger withdrawn to the position shown in Figure 3 where it may swivel to the dotted line position there shown, enabling the cartridge B to be removed from the barrel or casing While the instrumentalities herein specifically shown and described comprise a. specific applicator element A and a specic cartridge B designed particularly for use in connection with one another, it will be apparent that either of the devices A or B may be employed without reference to one another. For example, the cartridge B may be employed in connection with other type of applicators than that particularly described here, and likewise the applicator A may be employed with other types of rell cartridges.

It will be understood, of course, that the needle 6a with which the applicator of the invention is equipped is a, penetrating member to enter the portion of the body to be treated for supplying the medicament thereto, and I do not wish to be limited to this specific type of penetrating member because in the broader application of the invention, as applicable to syringes, it may comprise a nozzle member or the equivalent such as employed in other types of syringes.

As a summary by way of description of the general construction of my syringe, it is notable that the syringe body A has a chamber formed by the cartridge B, which chamber is divided,

. so to speak, into a medicamentcompartment and a gas generating compartment, the two generally separated by means of the plunger 31. The medicament compartment in turn may be said to comprise dry medicament and liquid medicament containing portions that are separated by the partition 36. The gas generating compartment in like manner may be said to be divided into a dry gas generating chemical containing portion and a liquid containing portion having a liquid for admixture with the dry chemical to cause generation of the gas. Actually, the dry medicament containing portion 34 of the medicament compartment is capable of tilting the partition 36, whilst the mechanical part or abutment 42 performs the tilting of the partition 39. The liquid for the medicament in the medicament compartment acts as a column to move the plunger 31 in one direction, and the gas generated in the gas generating compartment acts to move said plunger in an opposite direction.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In syringe means of the class described, in combination, an applicator comprising a penetrating member, a chamber comprising a compartment for a medicament to be administered by the penetrating member, a second compartment containing a chemical gas generating element, a plunger between the said compartments and adapted to eject the medicament from its compartment, and means operable to cause generation of gas in the compartment containing the gas generating element, whereby said gas may act upon the plunger to expel the medicament from its compartment of the chamber, combined with separate means for exhausting gas from th gas generating compartment after said gas has moved the plunger to expel the medicament from the medicament compartment,

2. In syringe means of the class described, in combination, an applicator comprising a penetrating member, a chamber comprising a compartment for a medicament to be administered by the penetrating member, a second compartment containing a chemical gas generating element, a plunger between the said compartments and adapted to eject the medicament from its compartment, and means operable to cause generation of gas in the compartment containing the gas generating element, whereby said gas may act upon the vplunger to expel the medicament from its compartment of the chamber, the compartments set forth being separated by the plunger, combined with a plug sealed in the end of the chemical element containing compartment and located remote from said plunger, and means for engagement with said plug to prevent its displacement from the chamber upon the generation of the gas in the compartment containing said element, combined with a puncturing member for connecting the gas generating compartment with the external atmosphere upon penetration of the'plug thereby, to effect exhausting of the gas from said compartment.

3. In syringe means of the class described, in combination, an applicator comprising a penetrating member, a chamber comprising a, compartment for a medicament to be administered by the penetrating member, a second compartment containing a chemical gas generating element, a, plunger between the said compartments and adapted to eject the medicament from its compartment, means operable to cause generation of gas in the compartment containing the gas generating element, whereby said gas may act upon the plunger to expel the medicament from its compartment of the chamber, the said compartments being separated by the plunger, a plug sealed in the end of the chemical element containing compartment and located remote from said plunger, and means for engagement with said plug to prevent its displacement from the chamber upon the generation of the gas in the compartment containing said element, wherein the chamber is comprised of a glass cartridge body or the like combined with a needle having a passage therein operable to pass through the plug for exhaustingY gas from the gas generating compartment.

4. In syringe means of the class described, in combination, a penetrating member for administering a medicament, a syringe body carrying said member, a chamber in said body comprising a medicament compartment divided into dry medicament and liquid containing portions, a gas generating compartment divided into a gas generating dry chemical and liquid containing portions, a gas operable plunger separating said compartments, means for moving said chambers, said chamber including means to effect mixing oi the liquids in the liquid containing portions of said compartments with the dry medicament and gas generating dry chemical at substantially the same time, said plunger being operable upon generation of gas in the gas generating compartment for forcing from the medicament compartment the medicament mixed therein, through the penetrating member.

5. Syringe means as claimed in claim 4, Wherein partitions are located in the medicament and gas generating compartments for dividing them as stated into their respective portions, the said mixing means comprising parts movable to eiect movement of said partitions to cause the mixing of the dry medicament and liquid and the mixing of the gas generating chemical and liquid.

6. Syringe means as claimed in claim 4, Wherein partitions are located in the medicament and gas generating compartments for dividing them as stated into their respective portions, and the dry medicament containing portion of the medicament compartment being engageable to move the partition in said compartment for mixing the dry medicament and liquid, combined with a projection on the plunger operable to engage the partition in the gas generating compartment for moving the same to mix the gas generating dry chemical and liquid therein.

'7. Syringe means as claimed in claim 4, wherein partitions are located in the medicament and gas generating compartments. for dividing them as stated into their respective portions, and the dry medicament containing portion of the medicament compartment being engageable to move the partition in said compartment for mixing the dry medicament and liquid, combined with a projection on the plunger operable to engage the partition in the gas generating compartment for moving the same to mix the gas generating dry chemical and liquid therein, and said chamber having a plug at its end remote from the medicament delivery end thereof and closing one end of the gas generating compartment, together with means engageable with the last mentioned plug as stated into their respective portions, and the` dry medicament containing portion of the medicament compartment being engageable to move the partition in said compartment for mixing the dry medicament and liquid, combined with a projection on the plunger operable to engage the partition in the gas generating compartment for moving the same to mix the gas generating dry chemical and liquid therein, said syringe means including a plunger at the exit end of the medicament chamber carrying the dry medicament containing portion of the medicament compartment, and said chamber having a plug at its end remote from the medicament delivery end thereof and closing one end of the gas generating compartment, together with means engageable with the last mentioned plug to prevent its movement when gas is generated in the Agas generating compartment thereby to compel rthe gas to force the plunger separating thel medicament and gas compartments in a direction to expel the medicament from the medicament compartment, and a gas exhaust instrumentality arranged to puncture the said plug to eiiect exhausting of gas remaining in the gas generating compartment after expelling action of said gas in reference to the medicament mixed with the liquid in the medicament compartment.

9, lSyringe means of the class described, comprising a syringe body including, in combination, a chamber comprising medicament and gas generating compartments, a penetrating member adapted to receive medicament from the medicament compartment for administering purposes, a plunger in the chamber separating the medicament and gas generating compartments, a medicament in the medicament compartment and a gas generating chemical in the generating compartment, said chamber having combined therewith means for mixing the medicament and liquid in the medicament compartment and causing generation of gas in the generating compartment substantially at the same time.

10. Syringe means as claimed inclaim 9, in which said last means comprises a second plunger closing one end of the medicament compartment,

and a plug closing one end of the generating compartment, also partitions in the medicament and generating compartments dividing vsaid compartments into dry matter and liquid matter containing portions, a part cooperating with the plunger at the end of the medicament compartment for effecting tilting of said partitions substantially at the same time to mix the medicament and liquid and cause generation of gas in the respective medicament and gas generating compartments, 'the medicament compartment containing liquid forming a column acting to push the said dividing plunger in one direction and said plunger being movable in the other direction by the gas generated in the generating compartment. K

11. Syringe means of the class described, comprising penetrating means for administering medicament and a body including a chamber divided into medicament and gas generating compartments, a liquid for mixing With the medicament in its compartment. means for creating gas pressure in the gas generating compartment, instrumentalities operable for causing the mixing of the medicament and liquid under sterile conditions and the generation of gas in the generating compartment substantially at the same time, and means for subjecting the mixed medicament in the medicament compartment to the pressure of the gas generated in the gas generating compartment when said gas is generated.

12. Syringe means as claimed in claim l1, combined with a device operable at Will to exhaust the gas remaining in the gas generating compartment after said gas has eiected the expulsion of the xriixed medicament from the medicament compartment, consisting of a hollow needle manual- 1y rriovable to enter the gas generating compartment.

13. The method of expelling medicaments from syringes in syringe practice, which consists of mixing liquid with a medicament to enable application thereof to the point of use and at substantially the same time producing a freshly generated charge of gas and causing the latter to exert pressure upon the mixture of liquid with medicament for effecting flow thereof.

14. In syringe means of the class described, in

combination, an applicator for administering a medicament, including a body member, a chamber in said body member having a compartment divided into a medicament containing portion and a liquid containing portion, means for effecting mixture of the medicament and liquid, and means for placing the mixture in the said compartment under pressure incident to the mixing of the medicament and the liquid, whereby the mixed medicament may be forced from the said compartment.

15. In syringe means of the class described, in combination, an applicator for administering a medicament, including a body member, a movable chamber in said body member having a compartment divided in to a medicament containing portion and a liquid containing portion, means for eilecting mixture of the medicament and liquid, and means for placing the mixture in said compartment under pressure incident to movement of the chamber containing said compartment, whereby the mixed medicament may be forced therefrom. l 16. In syringe means of the class described, in combination, an applicator for administering a medicament, including a body member, a chamber in said body member having a compartment 40 divided into a medicament containing portion and a liquid containing portion, means for effecting mixture of the medicament and liquid, means to expel the medicament from the compartment, and means operable incident to the mixing of the medicament with the liquid in the medicament com partment to energize the medicament expulsion means, said last named means adopted to force the mixed medicament from the said compartment. Y

17..As a new article of manufacture, a refill cartridge for syringes comprising a hollow containing body, spaced first and second 'plungers in said body, the first plunger being located adjacent to the end of the body and movable therein, a diaphragm in the body intermediate said plungers, and providing between it and said second plunger a liquid space, a mixing liquid in said liquid space, and a medicament holding member intermediate the first plunger and the said diaphragm and having an open end normally closed by the diaphragm and engageable with the latter to tilt the same to cause the mixing liquid to mix with the medicament contained in said medicament holding member, and means to move the said holding member to cause it to engage and tilt said diaphragm, the medicament holding member being aiiixed to the first plunger, and disposed between the diaphragm and first plunger on a longitudinal axis eccentric to the axis of the cartridge body.

18. As a new article of manufacture, a refill cartridge for hypodermic syringes, comprising a hollow generally cylindrical body, a, first plunger normally closing the said body adjacent to one end thereof and movable in the body, a second plunger disposed in said body and movable in a direction opposite to the movement of the first plunger, a movable diaphragm between the two plungers and located in the body, a medicament holding member disposed between the first plunger and said diaphragm and shiftable by the first plunger to move the diaphragm, certain of the space in the body intermediate the plungers providing a mixing liquid compartment, a mixing liquid in said compartment separated from the interior of the medicament holding member by said diaphragm and adapted to mix with the medicament in the said holding member when the diaphragm is moved to permit the mixing liquid to contact the contents of the medicament holding member.

19. A rell cartridge as claimed in claim 18, combined with syringe means including a hollow administering needle for penetrating the first plunger, means for moving the first plunger to effect the movement of the diaphragm incidental to such movement, and means for moving the second plunger to cause ejection of the medicament mixed with the said liquid through the administering needle.

MARVIN L. FOLKMAN. 

